PMSA Annual Report 2024-25

128 物業管理業監管局 2024-25 周年報告 2. 重大會計政策（續） (i) 應收賬款及其他應收款， 以及合約資產及合約負債 （續） 監管局根據合約所載付款條 款，於無條件享有該對價前已 確認收入時，該款項記為合約 資產。合約資產根據附註 2(e) 所載政策評估預計信貸虧損， 並於收取對價權利成為無條件 時重新分類至應收賬款。 於客戶支付對價，或在監管局 擁有無條件獲得對價的權利 （在此情況下，相應應收款項 已確認）時，需在監管局確認 相關收入前確認合約負債。 (j) 現金及現金等值物 就編製現金流量表而言，現金 及現金等值物包括現金和於存 入後 3 個月內到期的銀行存款。 (k) 撥備 若監管局須就已發生的事件承 擔法律或推定責任，而履行該 責任預期會導致經濟資源外 流，並可作出可靠的估計，便 會確認撥備。如果貨幣時間值 重大，則按預計履行責任所需 資源的現值計提撥備。 (l) 僱員福利 薪金、約滿酬金、有薪年假、 界定供款退休計劃的供款及非 貨幣性福利之成本均在監管局 僱員提供相關服務的年度內累 計。 (m) 利息支出 利息支出於產生期間支銷。 2. Material accounting policies (continued) (i) Accounts and other receivables, and contract assets and contract liabilities (continued) A contract asset is recognized when the PMSA recognizes revenue before being unconditional ly entitled to the consideration under the payment terms set out in the contract. Contract assets are assessed for expected credit losses in accordance with the policy set out in note 2(e) above and are reclassified as receivables when the right to the consideration has become unconditional. A con t r ac t l i ab i l i t y i s r ecogn i zed when t he customer pays consideration, or the PMSA has an unconditional right to consideration (in such case, a corresponding receivable is recognized), before the PMSA recognizes the related revenue. (j) Cash and cash equivalents For the purposes of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and deposits with banks within 3 months to maturity from date of deposit. (k) Provision Provisions are recognized when the PMSA has a legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made. Where the time value of money is material, provisions are stated at the present value of the expenditure expected to settle the obligation. (l) Employee benefits Salaries, gratuities, paid annual leave, contributions to defined contribution retirement plans and the cost of non-monetary benefits are accrued in the year in which the associated services are rendered by employees of the PMSA. (m) Interest expenses Interest expenses are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.